Most mangoes are harvested once a year. Mangoes usually ripen during the warmer months. However, with some different mango varieties, through innovative cultivation methods and the application of best practices specific to each region, mangoes can be harvested multiple times a year at different times.
This article explores practical ways to grow mangoes year-round using science-backed methods, focusing on real-world applicability and available agricultural evidence.
Table of contents
- Typical Mango Growing Season
- Is It Possible to Grow Mangoes Year-Round?
- Mango Varieties Suitable for Extended Fruiting
- Month-by-Month Mango Management Table
- Key Agricultural Techniques for Year-Round Mango Cultivation
- Financial Overview: Cost vs. Return on Year-Round Mango Farming
- Suitable Regions for 12-Month Mango Farming
- Tips for Home Garden Mango Growers
- Practical Case Study
- Comparison of Key Mango Varieties
- Common Challenges
- Conclusion
- External resources
- FAQs
Typical Mango Growing Season
Mangoes typically bloom in spring and then bear fruit in summer. However, the exact timing varies depending on the geography of each region.
Mango Seasons by Region
| Region | Mango Season |
|---|---|
| India | March to July |
| Southeast Asia | April to August |
| Mexico | March to September |
| Australia | November to March |
| Kenya | October to April |
These one-summer periods are dependent on environmental cues such as ambient temperature, humidity, and day length, which trigger flowering in the mango tree and the growth of the mango.
Is It Possible to Grow Mangoes Year-Round?
It is true that a mango tree cannot bear fruit every month. However, if you pay attention to the following things, you can have mangoes available all year round through the following methods:
- Choosing hybrid or early/late-flowering varieties
- Using high-density and staggered planting techniques
- Practicing advanced pruning and nutrient management
- Utilizing polyhouse farming or protected cultivation
This approach will not help you get mangoes continuously from one tree. Rather, you can grow multiple trees that bear fruit at different times of the year, allowing you to get mangoes at different times of the year.
Mango Varieties Suitable for Extended Fruiting
1. Sindhu Mango
- Developed by ICAR, Pune
- Semi-dwarf, seedless, and early-fruiting
- With pruning and irrigation control, can produce two crops annually
- Suitable for high-density planting
- More from ICAR
2. Baramasi Mango
- Native to areas of Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh
- Known as the "12-month mango"
- Does not fruit monthly per tree, but certain trees in a group fruit at different times
3. Amrapali Mango
- Hybrid of Dasheri and Neelum
- Compact, high-yield variety
- With managed irrigation and pruning, possible to induce flowering twice yearly
4. Mallika Mango
- Hybrid of Neelum and Dasheri
- Medium-late variety
- Performs well under controlled conditions
Read more: Best Soil for Mango Tree Growth
Month-by-Month Mango Management Table
| Month | Activity | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| January - February | Post harvesting pruning + NPK fertilizer | Prepare for flowering |
| March - April | Flowering + pest/ Disease monitoring | Support fruit set |
| May - June | First harvest + Organic compost Application | Sustain tree vigor |
| July - August | Moisture stress + branch pruning | Trigger second flush |
| September - October | Second flowering + growth regulator spray | Support off-season following |
| November - December | Second harvest + micronutrient Application | Close the annual cycle |
Key Agricultural Techniques for Year-Round Mango Cultivation
High-Density Planting (HDP)
- Plant 400–600 trees per hectare instead of 100
- Encourages competition and faster fruiting
- Enables staggered harvests by varying tree age or variety
Strategic Pruning
- Remove 20–30% of terminal shoots post-harvest
- Stimulates new vegetative growth
- Promotes multiple flowering cycles in tropical regions
Drip Irrigation and Moisture Stress
- Drip system conserves water and controls soil moisture precisely
- Creating a short dry period post-harvest induces off-season flowering
Use of Plant Growth Regulators
- Paclobutrazol added to the soil following pruning can cause flowering.
- Must be used cautiously under expert guidance
Polyhouse Mango Farming
- Regulates temperature and humidity
- Protects trees from monsoon or frost damage
- Promotes consistent flowering and fruit set
Financial Overview: Cost vs. Return on Year-Round Mango Farming
| Item | Estimated cost ( per acre) |
|---|---|
| HD Saplings (Sindhu etc.) | ₹25,000 |
| Drip Irrigation Setup | ₹40,000 |
| Polyhouse (optional) | ₹3,00,000 |
| Fertilizer + Sprays | ₹20,000/year |
| Labor + Maintenance | ₹35,000/year |
| Annual Yield (2 crops) | ₹1.5–2.5 lakh (avg. range) |
Suitable Regions for 12-Month Mango Farming
| Country | Ideal Location |
|---|---|
| India | Maharashtra, Telangana, Tamil Nadu |
| Thailand | Central & Eastern plains |
| Kenya | Coastal and right valley |
| Philippines | Luzon, Mindanao |
Mango trees produce excellent quantities of mangoes in warm, semi-humid climates with irrigation facilities.
Tips for Home Garden Mango Growers
- Choose dwarf hybrids like Amrapali and Sindhu
- Use 20+ gallon containers
- Make sure the mango tree gets 8+ hours of direct sunlight daily
- When the top two inches of soil are dry, water the mango tree
- Prune the branches after each harvest
- Feed with NPK (10-26-26) during flowering
Practical Case Study
Meet Pawanand Gavane, a farmer in Miraj, Maharashtra. who has turned his mango orchard around. He used this method called Ultra-High-Density Planting (UHDP) for his Kesar mangoes. essentially packing over 600 seedlings in an acre! He ensured they thrived through drip irrigation and timely pruning. Well, guess what? In three short years, his yields increased dramatically. from around 3 tonnes per acre to more than 7.5 tonnes! Here's the sweet part: By selling his mangoes outside the normal season, he started getting top dollar for them. That smart move really paid off, giving his farm income a big boost.
This success was featured in multiple publications, including The Better India
Comparison of Key Mango Varieties
| Variety | Yield | Fruit size | Extented Fruiting | Origin |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sindhu | Medium | Small | Yes | ICAR - Pune |
| Baramasi | Medium | Medium | Yes ( by grouping) | Uttar Pradesh |
| Amrapali | High | Medium | Yes ( Under HDP) | ICAR - Delhi |
| Mallika | Medium | Large | Limited | Hybrid |
Common Challenges
- High input cost for setup
- Insect infestation (e.g. mealybugs, powdery mildew)
- Skilled workers are required for pruning and spraying mango trees
- Availability of quality mango seedlings is limited in some areas.
Conclusion
Naturally, mangoes do not bear fruit every month, but with the right hybrid varieties, good farming practices, mango tree care, and environmental control, year-round mango cultivation is possible. This requires careful planning on your part, and any crop will have its own small investment. With technical know-how, farmers and serious home growers can achieve multiple harvests a year.
External Resources
1. Can a mango tree fruit every month?
No, regular mangoes bear fruit once a year, usually from April to August. However, some varieties, such as Baramasi, can bear fruit multiple times a year under suitable conditions.
2. What is the Baramasi mango?
Baramasi is a grafted mango variety known for its ability to bloom 2-3 times a year. It is valued for its sweet taste, aromatic pulp, and ability to adapt to the Indian climate.
3. How to grow mangoes year-round at home?
Use grafted varieties like Baramasi or dwarf types in large pots with full sun and well drained soil. Prune regularly, fertilize organically, and protect from frost to encourage multiple fruiting cycles
4. Which region in India supports 12-month mango cultivation?
Southern states like Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, and Tamil Nadu support near year-round mango cultivation due to their warm, tropical climate and use of staggered flowering techniques
5. Where to get reliable saplings?
Trusted nurseries like Vijaya Lakshmi Nursery (Telangana) or online platforms like Amazon India and Flipkart offer grafted Baramasi and Miyazaki mango saplings with delivery across India
0 Comments